Learn Korean with K-Pop: Loona 1/3 – Fairy Tale

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Here’s a full breakdown of the grammar and vocabulary of the lyrics of “Fairy Tale” by Loona 1/3. Repeated lines and lyrics entirely in English are omitted.

Vocabulary

Nouns

  • 꿈 – dream
  • 귓가 – outer edge of the ear
  • 멜로디 – melody
  • 비 – rain
  • 하늘 – sky
  • 날 – day
  • 세상 – world
  • 향기 – scent, fragrance
  • 별 – star
  • 햇살 – sunshine, sunlight
  • 얘기 – conversation, story (contraction of 이야기)
  • 밤새 – all night (contraction of 밤사이)
  • 말 – words, speech

Verbs

  • 함께하다 – to be together, to do together
  • 꾸다 – to dream
  • 노래하다 – to sing a song
  • 맴돌다 – to linger, to circle
  • 되다 – to become
  • 내리다 – to come down
  • 채우다 – to fill
  • 지다 – to become (auxiliary verb)
  • 떠오르다 – to arise, to remember
  • 숨다 – to hide
  • 나누다 – to divide, to share
  • 잠들다 – to go to sleep
  • 하다 – to say

Adjectives (descriptive verbs)

  • 작다 – to be small
  • 환하다 – to be bright
  • 파랗다 – to be blue
  • 어리다 – to be young

Pronouns

  • 그대 – you (poetic, formal)
  • 너 – you (informal)
  • 내 – my (contraction of 나의) (informal)

Determiners

  • 온 – all, whole, entire
  • 저 – that (over there)

Other words

  • -이다 – to be (copula)

Grammar

Particles

  • -과/와 – and, with
    • -과 after consonants
    • -와 after vowels
  • -을/를 – object marker
    • -을 after consonants
    • -를 after vowels
  • -에 – in, at, to (location/time marker)
  • -이/가 – subject marker
    • -이 after consonants
    • -가 after vowels
  • -의 – possessive marker
  • -에게 – to (dative particle)

Verbs/adjective forms and endings

  • -는 – describing nouns with verbs in the present
  • -아요/어요/해요 – present tense, polite style
    • -아요 if the last vowel in the stem is ㅗ or ㅏ
    • -어요 if the last vowel in the stem is not ㅗ or ㅏ
    • -해요 if the verb/adjective ends with -하다
  • -ㄴ/은/는 – describing nouns with adjectives
    • -ㄴ if the stem ends in a vowel
    • -은 if the stem ends in a consonant
    • -는 if the adjective ends in -있다 or -없다
  • -아/어/해 – connect verbs, with the first action impacting the second one
    • -아 if the last vowel in the stem is ㅗ or ㅏ
    • -어 if the last vowel in the stem is not ㅗ or ㅏ
    • -해 if the verb/adjective ends with -하다
  • -(으)면 – if, when
    • -면 if the stem ends in a vowel or ㄹ
    • -으면 if the stem ends in a consonant
  • -아/어/해지다 – to become
    • -아지다 if the last vowel in the stem is ㅗ or ㅏ
    • -어지다 if the last vowel in the stem is not ㅗ or ㅏ
    • -해지다 if the verb/adjective ends with -하다
  • -ㄹ/을 – describing nouns with verbs/adjectives in the future
    • -ㄹ if the stem ends in a vowel
    • -을 if the stem ends in a consonant
  • -ㄴ/은 – describing nouns with verbs in the past
    • -ㄴ if the stem ends in a vowel
    • -은 if the stem ends in a consonant
  • -게 – turn a verb or adjective into an adverb
  • -아/어/해 버리다 – indicates a completed action, adding a feeling of regret or relief, or implicating a negative result
    • -아 if the last vowel in the stem is ㅗ or ㅏ
    • -어 if the last vowel in the stem is not ㅗ or ㅏ
    • -해 if the verb/adjective ends with -하다
  • -(으)며 – and, while
    • -며 if the stem ends in a vowel or ㄹ
    • -으며 if the stem ends in a consonant
  • -고 싶다 – want to…

Lyrics breakdown

You, 그대와 함께하는 꿈을 꾸어요 = You, I dream of being with you

  • 그대와 – with you
    • 그대 – you (poetic, formal)
    • -와 – and, with
  • 함께하는 – that is together
    • 함께하다 – to be together, to do together
    • -는 – describing nouns with verbs in the present
  • 꿈을 꾸어요 – I dream (literally: I dream a dream)
    • 꿈 – dream
    • -을 – object marker
    • 꾸다 – to dream
    • -어요 – present tense, polite style

너와 노래하는 꿈 = Dreams of singing with you

  • 너와 – with you
    • 너 – you
    • -와 – and, with
  • 노래하는 – that sings
    • 노래하다 – to sing a song
    • -는 – describing nouns with verbs in the present
  • 꿈 – dream

내 귓가에 맴도는 작은 멜로디 = The small melody lingering in my ears

  • 내 – my (contraction of 나의)
  • 귓가에 – in the ear
    • 귓가 – outer edge of the ear
    • -에 – in, at, to (location/time marker)
  • 맴도는 – that lingers
    • 맴돌다 – to linger, to circle
    • -는 – describing nouns with verbs in the present (ㄹ-irregular form)
  • 작은 – small
    • 작다 – to be small
    • -은 – describing nouns with adjectives
  • 멜로디 – melody

비가 되어 하늘에 내리는 날이면 = On days when it becomes rain that falls from the sky

  • 비가 – rain
    • 비 – rain
    • -가 – subject marker (here the subject marker is used instead of the object marker because of the unique rules of 되다 (to become), with this verb -이/가 is attached to the noun that the subject becomes instead of -을/를)
  • 되어 – when it becomes
    • 되다 – to become
    • -어 – connect verbs, with the first action impacting the second one
  • 하늘에 – in the sky
    • 하늘 – sky
    • -에 – in, at, to (location/time marker)
  • 내리는 – that comes down
    • 내리다 – to come down
    • -는 – describing nouns with verbs in the present
  • 날이면 – when it’s the day
    • 날 – day
    • -이다 – to be (copula)
    • -면 – if, when

온 세상에 채워질 너의 향기 = Your scent that will fill the whole world (literally: your scent that will become filled in the whole world)

  • 온 – all, whole, entire
  • 세상에 – in the world
    • 세상 – world
    • -에 – in, at, to (location/time marker)
  • 채워질 – that will become filled
    • 채우다 – to fill
    • -어지다 – to become
    • -ㄹ – describing nouns with verbs/adjectives in the future
  • 너의 – your
    • 너 – you
    • -의 – possessive marker
  • 향기 – scent, fragrance

그대와 함께한 저 하늘에 = In that sky where I was together with you

  • 그대와 – with you
    • 그대 – you (poetic, formal)
    • -와 – and, with
  • 함께한 – that was together
    • 함께하다 – to be together, to do together
    • -ㄴ – describing nouns with verbs in the past
  • 저 – that (over there)
  • 하늘에 – in the sky
    • 하늘 – sky
    • -에 – in, at, to (location/time marker)

환하게 파란 별이 떠오르면 = When the blue stars rise brightly

  • 환하게 – brightly
    • 환하다 – to be bright
    • -게 – turn a verb or adjective into an adverb
  • 파란 – blue
    • 파랗다 – to be blue
    • -ㄴ – describing nouns with adjectives (ㅎ-irregular form)
  • 별이 – star
    • 별 – star
    • -이 – subject marker
  • 떠오르면 – when it rises
    • 떠오르다 – to arise, to remember
    • -면 – if, when

숨어버린 햇살의 얘길 밤새 나누며 = I want to share stories of hidden sunlight all night and (want comes from the next lyrics, which complete the sentence)

  • 숨어버린 – that was hidden
    • 숨다 – to hide
    • -어 버리다 – indicates a completed action, adding a feeling of regret or relief, or implicating a negative result
    • -ㄴ – describing nouns with verbs in the past
  • 햇살의 – of sunlight
    • 햇살 – sunshine, sunlight
    • -의 – possessive marker
  • 얘길 – stories (contraction of 이야기를)
    • 얘기 – conversation, story (contraction of 이야기)
    • -를 – object marker
  • 밤새 – all night (contraction of 밤사이)
  • 나누며 – share and
    • 나누다 – to divide, to share
    • -며 – and, while

잠들고픈 어린 날의 my fairy tale = I want to fall asleep to my childhood fairy tale (literally: my fairy tale of the young days that I want to fall asleep to)

  • 잠들고픈 – that I want to fall asleep to (contraction of 잠들고 싶은)
    • 잠들다 – to go to sleep
    • -고 싶다 – want to…
    • -은 – describing nouns with adjectives
  • 어린 – young
    • 어리다 – to be young
    • -ㄴ – describing nouns with adjectives
  • 날의 – of the day
    • 날 – day
    • -의 – possessive marker

너에게 하고 싶은 말 = The words that I want to say to you (the sentence continue with the English lyrics “don’t ever let me go”)

  • 너에게 – to you
    • 너 – you
    • -에게 – to (dative particle)
  • 하고 싶은 – that I want to say
    • 하다 – to say
    • -고 싶다 – want to…
    • -은 – describing nouns with adjectives
  • 말 – words, speech

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